South Sudan – The African Union (AU) has issued a stark warning that South Sudan risks sliding back into full-scale conflict, urging its leaders to commit to an immediate ceasefire and prepare for the country’s long-delayed first national elections.
In a high-level declaration following a summit of the AU High-Level Ad Hoc Committee for South Sudan (C5), African leaders expressed deep concern over escalating political and security tensions, cautioning that the fragile peace achieved in recent years is under serious threat.
The meeting, held on the sidelines of the 39th Ordinary Session of the AU Assembly in Addis Ababa, was chaired by Cyril Ramaphosa and brought together regional leaders to evaluate progress in South Sudan’s peace process.
The AU reaffirmed its support for the Revitalized Transitional Government of National Unity (RTGONU), emphasizing the importance of safeguarding the country’s sovereignty, unity, and territorial integrity. However, it warned that persistent violations of the ceasefire agreement are worsening the humanitarian crisis and heightening the risk of renewed violence.
Since gaining independence from Sudan in 2011, South Sudan has yet to hold a national election. Plans for the vote have been repeatedly delayed due to conflict, political instability, and slow implementation of peace agreements.
Years of civil war have displaced millions, both internally and across borders, complicating efforts to organize inclusive and credible elections.
Despite these challenges, the AU is now pushing for elections to take place in December 2026, describing the vote as a crucial milestone toward ending the extended transitional period expected to conclude in February 2027.
The continental body called for an immediate and unconditional ceasefire and urged all parties to fast-track the unification of forces under the 2018 Revitalized Peace Agreement (R-ARCSS), which it described as the only viable pathway to lasting peace.
Leaders also stressed the importance of inclusive political dialogue, calling on the government to resume a credible, transparent, and nationwide process without preconditions.
On electoral preparedness, the AU urged the government to provide urgent financial and technical support to key institutions, including the National Elections Commission, the National Constitutional Review Commission, and the Political Parties Council, to ensure the delivery of free, fair, and credible elections.
The AU Commission has been tasked with working closely with South Sudanese authorities to develop a clear electoral roadmap and establish conditions necessary for a successful vote.
In addition, the AU appealed to international partners and humanitarian agencies to scale up support for vulnerable populations affected by the ongoing crisis. Member states were also encouraged to provide technical expertise in critical areas such as Disarmament, Demobilization, and Reintegration (DDR) and Security Sector Reform (SSR).
In a notable political appeal, the AU called for the release of political detainees, including First Vice President Riek Machar, as part of broader efforts to promote reconciliation and national unity.
The AU further reiterated the need to appoint a Special Envoy for South Sudan to enhance coordination with regional and international actors, including the Intergovernmental Authority on Development (IGAD) and the United Nations.
The continental body underscored that sustained and coordinated engagement by regional and global partners will be critical in helping South Sudan complete its transition and achieve lasting peace through democratic elections.
About The Author
